Connect with us

Fashion UK

Mongol Invasion of Rus’ Begins | Siege of Ryazan (1237)

Published

on



🚩 Watch more in-depth analyses of historical battles: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCXkFAimtCjdHRC3Po4vDcAFhtrsOhb8R

⚔️ In 1235, the great Mongol army under Batu and Subutai commenced its fateful Western Campaign. Their aim: to subjugate all peoples living west of the Mongol Empire, exactly as the great Genghis Khan had envisioned. But, before the Mongols could enter Europe proper, they would have to defeat the proud nations inhabiting the East European Plain – the nomadic Cumans of the Great Steppe and the divided principalities of medieval Rus. What followed was a grinding five-year campaign of savage brutality and devastation, fought in freezing conditions of Russian winter against a dogged and defiant opponent. Welcome to our first video on the Mongol invasion of Rus.

📝 Bibliography:
➤ Chambers, J. (1979) The Devil’s Horsemen. The Mongol Invasion of Europe
➤ Fennell, J. (1983) The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200—1304.
➤ Galeotti, M. (2024) Forged in War: A Military History of Russia, From its Beginnings to Today.
➤ Tolochko, P. (2003) Nomadic Peoples of the Steppes and Kievan Rus. [In Russian]
➤ Khrustalev, D. (2020) Rus and the Mongol Invasion (1220s–1250s). [In Russian]
➤ Khrapachevsky, R. (2005) The Military Empire of Genghis Khan. [In Russian]
—
➤ Ibn al-Athir. The Complete History.
➤ The Complete Collection of Russian Chronicles. Vol. I. [In Russian]
➤ Ata-Malik Juvayni. History of the World Conqueror.

🎼 Soundtracks:
➤ https://www.epidemicsound.com/
➤ https://app.envato.com/

#history #russia #mongols

00:00 — Intro
01:03 — The Battle of the Kalka River (1223)
04:34 — Medieval Rus: Political Context
09:03 — Mongol Empire and the Western Campaign
13:16 — The Conquest of Volga Bulgaria
19:12 — The Devastation of Ryazan

🚩 Naming Convention

The transliteration of medieval Rus’ names is currently a huge mess filled with anachronisms, mixes of forms that never coexisted, and outright wrong transliteration methods. Here’s my attempt to fix it:

1. All names are given as they were actually written in Old East Slavic, not in their modern forms: Volodimer instead of Vladimir/Volodymyr. No modern Russian, Ukrainian, or Belarusian forms are projected back onto the 13th century!
2. Every name follows the medieval Rus’ chronicles contemporary with the events – primarily the Hypatian and Laurentian codices and the Novgorod First Chronicle. Where the sources differ, the most common form wins (hence Kiev, not the rarer Kyev).
3. No diacritics. The system is based on the scientific transliteration of Cyrillic but adapted for readability. Letters with special marks (ě, š, č) are replaced with their standard English equivalents (e, sh, ch).
4. No dialects. Transliteration deals with letters, not local pronunciation. A city is spelled the same way whether the scene is set in Galich (in Galicia) or Galich (in Suzdalia), Volodimer (on Klyazma) or Volodimer (in Volhynia).

Other rules:
• Final and weak reduced vowels (ъ, ь) are dropped, strong ones are vocalized: Smolensk, not Smolnsk.
• Yat (ѣ) becomes e: Belgorod.
• Iotated vowels begin with Y, including initial e-: Izyaslavl, Yelets.
• The soft sign before a vowel becomes i: Mezhibozhie, Yuriev.
• Soft consonants take no apostrophe: Terebovl, not Terebovl’.
• Kh for х, zh / ch / sh / shch / ts for ж / ч / ш / щ / ц: Kholm, Galich.
• Y for ы: Rylsk.
• Explanatory add-ons are in English where possible (Novgorod the Great, Volodimer-on-Klyazma); where not, the epithet is transliterated (Galich Mersky).

source

Fashion UK

Why Did Aviation Near-Misses Suddenly Stop Rising? #nasa #aviationsafety #dataanalysis #airsafety

Published

on



By 1999, aviation near-miss reports had nearly doubled from a decade earlier. Then — they just… stopped rising. For the next 25 years they sat flat, even as air travel kept growing (and crashed 60% in 2020 before fully recovering).

And 2005 is even weirder: reports dropped to the lowest point in the whole dataset, for no obvious reason. We checked — it’s not a gap in the data.

We dig into why in the full video ▶ https://youtu.be/kmCDav9EBlo?si=z2nUAYiiBvqtq8bP

#aviation #datastory #shorts #NASA #statistics #avgeek
aviation data, near miss statistics, aviation trends, data mystery, NASA data, flight safety trends, statistics explainer, shorts, 2005 anomaly
why did aviation near misses drop, aviation safety data trend, NASA near miss statistics, 2005 aviation report dip

source

Continue Reading

Fashion UK

I Left the Hospital—My Husband Celebrated His Mistress’s Birthday, So I Left Him and He Regretted!

Published

on



Artistic & Safety DisclosureViewer discretion advised. Strictly forbidden for those under 18. 1.Nature of Content:This channel …

source

Continue Reading

Fashion UK

Kennedy: “You make me want to throw up in my mouth”

Published

on

By



Sen. John Kennedy (R-LA) accused former special counsel Jack Smith of bringing charges against then-former President Trump for political purposes, pressing him about why he took the job, his wife’s political views and whether the Biden White House played any role in the decision to prosecute President Trump.

“You make me want to throw up in my mouth,” the Louisiana Republican said as he concluded his questioning.

#cspan #johnkennedy #2020 #election #news

source

Continue Reading

Fashion UK

🔴LIVE : తిరగబడ్డ తుఫాన్ | Weather Report | Severe Cyclone To Hit AP & Telangana | hmtv

Published

on



🔴LIVE : తిరగబడ్డ తుఫాన్ | Weather Report | Severe Cyclone To Hit AP & Telangana | hmtv

#rains #weatherupdate #cyclonealert #hmtvlive

Stay Connected with hmtv – The Heartbeat of Telugu News!
🔔 Subscribe Now: http://goo.gl/f9lm5E

HMTV
Welcome to hmtv Live, your trusted source for 24-hour news coverage that keeps you informed, aware, and connected. We bring you in-depth journalism across a wide spectrum – from breaking news, political analysis, and sports to entertainment, celebrity interviews from all film industries, and exclusive documentaries.

Our content goes beyond headlines, diving deep into the culture, heritage, and diversity of India, with a special focus on the Telugu-speaking states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. From grassroots issues to national affairs, from folk traditions to modern trends – we cover it all.

Follow hmtv on:
► FB: https://www.facebook.com/hmtvnewslive
► Twitter: https://twitter.com/hmtvnewslive
► Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/hmtvnewsofficial/?hl=en
►Telegram: https://t.me/hmtvnewslive
► Watch hmtv Live: https://youtube.com/live/3JodH4xoqJs
► Subscribe to hmdgtl: https://www.youtube.com/@hmdgtl?sub_confirmation=1
► For News in Telugu: http://www.hmtvlive.com/
► For News in English: http://www.thehansindia.com
► Follow us on our Whatsapp Channel: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va9MPsgCMY0AFP9BeE3n

Stay Connected with hmtv – The Heartbeat of Telugu News!

hmtv, Hyderabad’s trusted 24-hour Telugu news channel, delivers the most reliable and engaging updates tailored for audiences in Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, and beyond.

🔹 24/7 News
🔹 Politics & Current Affairs
🔹 Entertainment & Cinema
🔹 Sports Highlights
🔹 Cultural Stories & Folk Music
🔹 Documentaries & Features
🔹 Interviews & Insights
🔹 Thought-Provoking Debates & Conclaves

hmtv Live is your one-stop destination for daily news, stories that matter, and voices that deserve to be heard.

For Business Enquiries: 📞 +91 8096606332

source

Continue Reading

Fashion UK

CAPRICORN ⟣ YOU are MOVING! EVERYTHING is about to get SO GOOD for YOU. ⭐️🪻

Published

on



Capricorn Tarot & Psychic Reading ✦ continue reading below:

✦ BOOK WITH ME / MY WEBSITE: https://PHEN0MENA.square.site/
[ click on my website link above, purchase your service, then fill out/submit the contact form on my website ]

✦ KOFI / GROUP RITUAL ENTRY: https://ko-fi.com/phenomenatarot

⟢ Border Angels: https://www.borderangels.org/

⟢ No Más Muertes: https://nomoredeaths.org/en/

⟢ The Florence Project: https://firrp.org/

✦ ALL MY LINKS: https://linktr.ee/PHENOMENA
[ everything in one place ]

✦ PAYPAL: ( https://paypal.me/Moonectar?country.x=US&locale.x=en_US )

✦ My other channel: @OCCULTPHENOMENA
[ my experimental, supernatural side project 💋 ]

· · ─ ·✶· ─ · ·· · ─ ·✶· ─ · ·· · ─ ·✶· ─ · ·· · ─ ·✶· ─ · ·· · ─ ·✶· ─ · ·· · ─ ·✶· ─ · ·

⟢ POSTING SCHEDULE ⟣
Mondays & Thursdays

✦ Calculate your birth chart (free): https://astro.cafeastrology.com/natal.php

♡ 𝓉𝒽𝒶𝓃𝓀 𝓎𝑜𝓊 ♡

00:00 it’s goat time
02:55 Announcement!
05:16 Your Reading Resumes
17:17 Just a reminder that yr a bada55 ♡

#capricorn #capricornhoroscope #capricorntarot

DISCLAIMER: My readings are not a replacement for mental health or medical treatment. I am not responsible for any decisions made as a result of my videos.

source

Continue Reading

Trending

On this website we use first or third-party tools that store small files (cookie) on your device. Cookies are normally used to allow the site to run properly (technical cookies), to generate navigation usage reports (statistics cookies) and to suitable advertise our services/products (profiling cookies). We can directly use technical cookies, but you have the right to choose whether or not to enable statistical and profiling cookies. Enabling these cookies, you help us to offer you a better experience.